Abstract: NLRP3 is an important intracellular pattern recognition receptor, which can form inflammasome with ASC and pro-caspase-1. Formation of NLRP3 inflammasome leads to maturity and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-18, and then causes the inflammation. Dysregulation of NLRP3 inflammasome is associated with several human diseases, such as gout, atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases and type 2 diabetes, so NLRP3 inflammasome is a potential target for treatment of those diseases, and several NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors have shown preventive or therapeutic effects on NLRP3-driven diseases. In this paper the recent research advance of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor was briefly reviewed.