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使用基于物理信息的卷积神经网络求解Navier–Stokes方程的物理合理且守恒解

Physically plausible and conservative solutions to Navier–Stokes equations using physics-informed CNNs

  • 摘要: 基于物理信息的神经网络方法 (PINN) 是一种使用神经网络有效求解偏微分方程 (PDEs) 的新兴方法。基于物理信息的卷积神经网络方法 (PICNN) 是一种由卷积神经网络 (CNNs) 增强的 PINN 的变体。由于卷积神经网络的参数共享特性可以有效地学习空间依赖关系,因此 PICNN 在一系列偏微分方程的求解问题上取得了更好的结果。然而,应用现有的基于 PICNN 的方法求解 Navier–Stokes 方程时会产生振荡的预测解,这违背了物理定律和守恒特性。为了解决这一问题,我们提出了一种将 PICNN 与有限体积法相结合的新方法,以获得 Navier–Stokes 方程的物理上合理且具有守恒特性的预测解。我们使用有限体积法推导了Navier–Stokes 方程的二阶迎风差分格式。然后我们使用所推导的格式来计算偏导数并构造基于物理信息的损失函数。我们对以稳态 Navier–Stokes 方程作为控制方程的不同场景进行了实验以评估所提出的方法,包括对流传热问题、顶盖驱动流问题等等。实验结果表明,我们的方法可以有效地提高PICNN预测解的物理合理性和准确性。

     

    Abstract: The physics-informed neural network (PINN) is an emerging approach for efficiently solving partial differential equations (PDEs) using neural networks. The physics-informed convolutional neural network (PICNN), a variant of PINN enhanced by convolutional neural networks (CNNs), has achieved better results on a series of PDEs since the parameter-sharing property of CNNs is effective in learning spatial dependencies. However, applying existing PICNN-based methods to solve Navier–Stokes equations can generate oscillating predictions, which are inconsistent with the laws of physics and the conservation properties. To address this issue, we propose a novel method that combines PICNN with the finite volume method to obtain physically plausible and conservative solutions to Navier–Stokes equations. We derive the second-order upwind difference scheme of Navier–Stokes equations using the finite volume method. Then we use the derived scheme to calculate the partial derivatives and construct the physics-informed loss function. The proposed method is assessed by experiments on steady-state Navier–Stokes equations under different scenarios, including convective heat transfer and lid-driven cavity flow. The experimental results demonstrate that our method can effectively improve the plausibility and accuracy of the predicted solutions from PICNN.

     

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