Abstract: The advances made in lead-induced impairment of learning and memory in the nervous system and mechanisms of pharmacals repair in Neurotoxicolog Lab in University of Science and Technology of China were described. They include: ①the effect of lead on synaptic plasticity in hippocampus; ②the mechanism of effect of lead on ion channels; ③lead-induced impairment of NMDA receptor, non NMDA receptors and receptor channels; ④the interaction between lead and neurotransmitters; ⑤the effect of lead on gene regulation; ⑥the repair mechanism of pharmacals (Taurine, Ganglioside, antioxidants, etc.) on lead-induced impairment.