Abstract: The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a unicellular organism with the best research background. To date, there are 78 genes annotated to the term of response to oxidative stress in yeast. The encoded proteins of these genes could be classified into three groups, sensors, regulators and effectors. Taking advantage of the methodology of structural genomics, we started with all of the effectors and have solved all key effectors along the electron transfer pathway of thioredoxin and glutaredoxin systems. Moreover, a series of assays will be set up to identify the potential biochemical activities of the important effectors. Biochemical assays, in combination with protein-protein complex identification and structure solution, and the fast growing information in yeast databases, enable us to remodel a structure-based protein-protein interaction network of effectors in response to oxidative stress. These researches will provide us with some hints to design potential drugs for preventing oxidative stress-related diseases and aging.