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路易斯碱–硼烷配合物中硼–氢键解离焓的研究

Study on the B–H bond dissociation enthalpies of Lewis base–borane complexes

  • 摘要: 本研究运用密度泛函理论(DFT)计算方法,系统地探究了路易斯碱–硼烷配合物中硼–氢键的解离焓。通过基准化分析,确定ωB97X-D/cc-pVTZ是一种可靠的、能够准确预测硼–氢键解离焓的方法。对5大类、200多种结构不同的配合物进行考察后发现,路易斯碱的类型对硼–氢键解离焓有着显著影响,其大小顺序为:胺–硼烷 > 膦–硼烷 > N-杂环卡宾–硼烷 > 吡啶–硼烷。由于溶剂分子与硼烷之间存在多种配位模式,溶剂稳定化的硼烷展现出广泛的硼–氢键解离焓范围。进一步分析表明,硼–氢键解离焓受到骨架效应和取代基效应的协同影响。值得注意的是,除了胺–硼烷之外,硼原子中心的自旋密度与硼–氢键解离焓之间存在较强的线性相关性(R2最高可达0.97),这提供了一个可靠的硼–氢键解离焓预测模型。本研究加深了对硼–氢键解离性质的理解和认识,为有机硼化学新型合成方法的开发提供了理论依据。

     

    Abstract: This study employs density functional theory (DFT) calculations to systematically investigate the B‒H bond dissociation enthalpies (BDEs) of Lewis base‒borane complexes. A rigorous benchmark analysis identified the ωB97X-D/cc-pVTZ method as a reliable method for accurate prediction of B–H BDEs. An examination of more than 200 structurally diverse complexes across five major classes revealed that the type of Lewis base significantly influences the BDEs, with the order of amine–borane > phosphine–borane > N-heterocyclic carbene–borane > pyridine–borane. Solvent-stabilized boranes exhibit the broadest range of BDE values due to the diverse coordination modes of solvent molecules with borane. Further analysis revealed that the BDE values are synergistically affected by skeletal and substituent effects. Notably, a strong linear correlation (R2 up to 0.97) between the spin density of boryl radicals and BDEs, except for amine–boranes, provides a robust predictive model. This research enhances the fundamental understanding of B‒H bond dissociation properties in Lewis base–boranes and provides valuable insights for the development of new boron-based methodologies in organic synthesis.

     

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