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低速层和盆地地形对近场地震动的放大效应

The effects of low-velocity layer and basin topography on near-field ground motion amplification

  • 摘要: 沉积盆地的近场地震动放大有广泛的观测记录,是地震灾害评估的关键因素,但盆地的地形和低速层的耦合关系对地震动放大的影响尚不清晰。通过构建有环绕地形的盆地模型并进行地震动模拟,我们测试了不同低速层深度和速度下的地震动特征。低速层和基岩的速度对比控制了地震动放大的强度,随着速度对比的减弱,模型中放大最强的区域从低速层中心区域转换到低速层周边区域,其分布特征受到盆地与震源距离的较大影响。地震动放大也会沿着盆地周围的山脉边缘分布。通过模拟我们得到了含周围地形的盆地模型中地震动放大的分布特征,说明了低速层和基岩的速度对比对地震动放大的主要控制作用。

     

    Abstract: Near-field ground motion amplification in sedimentary basins is widely observed and crucial to earthquake hazard assessment. However, the effects of basin topography coupled with the low-velocity layer (LVL) on ground motion amplification are not fully understood. By constructing 3D basin models with surrounding mountain terrains and performing ground motion simulations, we compare the ground motion characteristics with different basin LVL depths and LVL velocities. The velocity contrast between the LVL and bedrock controls the amplification magnitude. The maximum amplification area in the model changes from the central part to the periphery part of the basin as the velocity contrast decreases and can be greatly influenced by the distance between the source and the basin. The amplification also spreads along the mountain edge circling the basin. Our work sheds light on the distribution of amplification within sedimentary basins surrounded by mountains, revealing that the velocity contrast between the LVL and bedrock plays a pivotal role in controlling the magnitude of amplification.

     

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