Abstract: A new smart supramolecular polypeptide copolymer P(Glu-co-Lys) was synthesized by the polymerization of α-amino acids using the N-thiocarboxylic acid anhydride (NTA) method, using the pH dynamic response peptide of L-glutamic acid and L-lysine as a carrier for tumor cells. The drug delivery system activated by external acid can self-assemble (pH 7.4) and disassemble (pH 5.5) under the adjustment of pH to load the drug and control its release. Doxycycline (DOX) and the photothermal reagent hydrophilic quanternary stereo-cyanine (HQS-Cy) were loaded into the peptide copolymer to obtain HQS-Cy/DOX nanoparticles (NPs) for chemo-photothermal therapy. Gentle photothermal heating can enhance the absorption of drugs by cells and enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy. In addition, chemo-photothermal therapy can solve the defect of easy recurrence after single photothermal therapy. The ingenious nanodrug delivery system of HQS-Cy/DOX NPs provides great potential for the improvement of chemo-photothermal therapy and will achieve excellent therapeutic effects in cancer treatment.